The Role of Comorbidities in Predicting 12-Month Survival in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Study from Zahedan, Iran

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Liver cirrhosis is a progressive disease characterized by the replacement of healthy liver tissue with scar tissue, leading to impaired liver function. Early diagnosis and management play a crucial role in improving patient outcomes. Comorbidities, including diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, are known to influence the prognosis of cirrhosis. This study aimed to assess the relationship between comorbid diseases and the 12-month survival of patients with liver cirrhosis in Zahedan, Iran.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis was followed for 12 months. Laboratory indices, including blood glucose, lipid profile, and blood pressure, were monitored. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of comorbidities on patient survival using statistical methods such as Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis.

RESULTS:

Abnormal blood glucose levels, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia significantly reduced the 12-month survival of patients with cirrhosis. Despite treatment with lipid-lowering medications, lipid disturbances remained a key factor in the survival prognosis. Additionally, factors like body mass index and smoking habits were also identified as influential but often overlooked in clinical practice.

CONCLUSION:

This study underscores the importance of managing comorbidities in patients with cirrhosis to improve survival outcomes. The findings suggest that integrated care addressing both cirrhosis and its associated comorbidities can enhance patient prognosis. Further research is necessary to examine additional factors, such as physical activity, diet, and daily stress levels, which may also affect survival rates.